Constant Stiffness Model

The linear stiffness force is computed according to Hooke’s Law of Elasticity:

Where:

$k_i$ is the constant stiffness value found in corresponding [CONSTANT_STIFFNESS_xx] block for the $i^{th}$ direction in the property file.

$q_i$ is the displacement of Body-I relative to Body-J in the $i^{th}$ direction after offset, scaling and coupling effects have been considered.

The default value for $k_i$ is the slope of the experimentally measured static spline at (0,0).