System parameters that can be changed to improve the system performance.
Reduced Variables
In DOE terminology, it is standard practice to work with reduced variables that have
a range of -1 to 1 for each real variable. Reduced variables are associated to real
variables with the following formula:
where x is the initial variable, and
y is the reduced variable.
Levels
Values taken by y in the range [-1; +1]. The number of levels per variable to be
considered depends on the level of non-linearity in the problem; for a linear model
two levels are sufficient; for a quadratic model three levels are needed.